Driver sql server syntax

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Except for NTLM authentication, which provides authentication for Windows clients only, these authentication methods provide authentication when the driver is running on any supported platform. The AuthenticationMethod connection property controls which authentication mechanism the driver uses when establishing connections.

See Using the AuthenticationMethod Property for information about setting the value for this property. If a user ID and password is not specified and the driver is not running on a Windows platform, the driver uses Kerberos authentication when establishing a connection.

If the driver cannot load the DLL, the driver uses Kerberos authentication. The driver ignores any values specified by the User property and Password properties. The driver ignores any values specified by the User and Password properties. Set the AuthenticationMethod property to auto or userIdPassword the default. See Using the AuthenticationMethod Property for more information about setting a value for this property. This section provides requirements and instructions for configuring Kerberos authentication for the Microsoft SQL Server driver.

Verify that your environment meets the requirements listed in Table before you configure the driver for Kerberos authentication. The database server must be administered by the same domain controller that administers the client and must be running one of the following databases:.

The Kerberos server is the machine where the user IDs for authentication are administered. Network authentication must be provided by Windows Active Directory on one of the following operating systems:. The client must be administered by the same domain controller that administers the database server. In addition, J2SE 1. WebLogic Server installs a generic file that you must modify for your environment. This file is configured to load automatically unless the java. Refer to your JDK documentation for information about setting configuration options in this file.

Set the driver's AuthenticationMethod property to auto the default or kerberos. Modify the krb5. For example, if your Kerberos realm name is XYZ. If the krb5. The krb5. If using Kerberos authentication with a Security Manager on a Java 2 Platform, you must grant security permissions to the application and driver. See Permissions for Kerberos Authentication for an example. By default, the SQL Server driver takes advantage of the user name and password maintained by the operating system to authenticate users to the database.

By allowing the database to share the user name and password used for the operating system, users with a valid operating system account can log into the database without supplying a user name and password. There may be times when you want the driver to use a set of user credentials other than the operating system user name and password.

For example, many application servers or Web servers act on behalf of the client user logged on the machine on which the application is running, rather than the server user. If you want the driver to use a set of user credentials other than the operating system user name and password, include code in your application to obtain and pass a javax. Subject used for authentication as shown in the following example.

The Kerberos server verifies the identity of the user and controls access to services using the credentials contained in the TGT. If the application uses Kerberos authentication from a Windows client, the application user is not required to log onto the Kerberos server and explicitly obtain a TGT.

For example, the following command requests a TGT from the server with a lifetime of 10 hours, which is renewable for 5 days:. Refer to your Kerberos documentation for more information about using the kinit command and obtaining TGTs for users. Verify that your environment meets the requirements listed in Table before you configure your environment for NTLM authentication.

The database server must be administered by the same domain controller that administers the client and must be running on one of the following databases:.

The domain controller must administer both the database server and the client. Network authentication must be provided by NTLM on one of the following operating systems:. The client must be administered by the same domain controller that administers the database server and must be running on one of the following operating systems:. Set the AuthenticationMethod property to auto the default or ntlm.

If you install the driver in a directory that is not on the Windows system path, perform one of the following actions to ensure the driver can load the DLLs:. If using NTLM authentication with a Security Manager on a Java 2 Platform, security permissions must be granted to allow the driver to establish connections.

See Permissions for Establishing Connections for an example. SSL secures the integrity of your data by encrypting information and providing authentication.

See Data Encryption Across the Network for an overview. Depending on your Microsoft SQL Server configuration, you can choose to encrypt all data, including the login request, or encrypt the login request only. Encrypting login requests, but not data, is useful for the following scenarios:. When your application needs security, but cannot afford to pay the performance penalty for encrypting data transferred between the driver and server.

Microsoft SQL Server only. When the server is not configured for SSL, but your application still requires a minimum degree of security. When required, connections from clients that do support SSL encryption fail. Although a signed trusted SSL certificate is recommended for the best degree of security, Microsoft SQL Server can provide limited security protection even if an SSL certificate has not been configured on the server.

If a trusted certificate is not installed, the server will use a self-signed certificate to encrypt the login request, but not the data. If you want the driver to encrypt only the login request, set the EncryptionMethod property to loginSSL. Specify the location and password of the truststore file used for SSL server authentication.

Either set the TrustStore and TrustStore properties or their corresponding Java system properties javax. To validate certificates sent by the database server, set the ValidateServerCertificate property to true.

Optionally, set the HostNameInCertificate property to a host name to be used to validate the certificate. The HostNameInCertificate property provides additional security against man-in-the-middle MITM attacks by ensuring that the server the driver is connecting to is the server that was requested. For example, suppose you created a table with the following statement:. The following Update statement updates the values in the id column of table1 and returns a result set that includes the old ID replaced by the new ID , the new ID, and the name associated with these IDs:.

The driver returns the results of Insert, Update, or Delete statements and the update count in separate result sets. The output result set is returned first, followed by the update count for the Insert, Update, or Delete statement. Then, use Statement. NOTE: Before performing reauthentication, applications must ensure that any statements or result sets created as one user are closed before switching the connection to another user. Your application can use the setCurrentUser method in the ExtConnection interface to switch a user on a connection.

The setCurrentUser method accepts driver-specific reauthentication options. The reauthentication options supported for the SQL Server driver are:. If the setCurrentUser method is called and this option is specified as an empty string or is not specified, only the user is switched; the database is not switched. Determines whether the driver reverts the current user to the initial user before setting the user to a new user for connections that have already reauthenticated.

If set to true and the setCurrentUser method is called, the driver reverts the current user to the initial user before setting the connection to the new user. For example, consider a connection that was initially created by User A and was later switched to User B.

Before the connection could be further switched to User C, the driver reverts the connection back to User A and then sets it to User C. If set to false and the setCurrentUser method is called, the driver does not revert the current user to the initial user before performing the switch.

For example, if the connection was initially created by User A, switched to User B, and then switched to User C, the driver does not revert the user to User A before switching to User C. The SQL Server driver allows applications to store and return the following types of client information associated with a particular connection:. Setting the SnapshotSerializable property changes the behavior of the Serializable isolation level to use the Snapshot isolation level.

This allows an application to use the Snapshot isolation level with no or minimum code changes. See the description of this property in Table for more information. The ExtConstants class in the com. The SQL Server driver supports scroll-sensitive result sets, scroll-insensitive result sets, and updatable result sets.

The SQL Server driver can use client-side cursors or server-side cursors to support updatable result sets. By default, the SQL Server driver uses client-side cursors because this type of cursor can work with any result set type. Using server-side cursors typically can improve performance, but server-side cursors cannot be used with scroll-insensitive result sets or with scroll-sensitive result sets that are not generated from a database table that contains a primary key.

When the UseServerSideUpdatableCursors property is set to true and a scroll-insensitive updatable result set is requested, the driver downgrades the request to a scroll-insensitive read-only result set.

Similarly, when a scroll-sensitive updatable result set is requested and the table from which the result set was generated does not contain a primary key, the driver downgrades the request to a scroll-sensitive read-only result set.

In both cases, a warning is generated. When server-side updatable cursors are used with sensitive result sets that were generated from a database table that contains a primary key, the following changes you make to the result set are visible:.

This procedure must be repeated for each MS SQL Server installation that will be involved in a distributed transaction. Copy the appropriate sqljdbc. From the database server, use the ISQL utility to run the instjdbc. As a precaution, have your system administrator back up the master database before running instjdbc. At a command prompt, use the following syntax to run instjdbc. The instjdbc. In general, these messages can be ignored; however, the system administrator should scan the output for any messages that may indicate an execution error.

The last message should indicate that instjdbc. The script fails when there is insufficient space available in the master database to store the JDBC XA procedures or to log changes to existing procedures.

Connections associated with distributed transactions can become orphaned if the connection to the server is lost before the transaction has completed. When connections associated with distributed transactions are orphaned, any locks held by the database for that transaction are maintained, which can cause data to become unavailable. By cleaning up distributed transactions, connections associated with those transactions are freed and any locks held by the database are released.

Calling this method returns a list of active distributed transactions that have been prepared, but not committed or rolled back. An application can use the list returned by the XAResource. The list of transactions returned by the XAResource. In addition, the SQL Server driver supports the following methods of distributed transaction cleanup:.

Transaction timeout sets a timeout value that is used to audit active transactions. Any active transactions that have a life span greater than the specified timeout value are rolled back.

Setting a transaction timeout allows distributed transactions to be cleaned up automatically based on the timeout value. Explicit transaction cleanup allows you to explicitly roll back any transactions left in an unprepared state based on a transaction group identifier. Explicit transaction cleanup provides more control than transaction timeout over when distributed transactions are cleaned up.

To set a timeout value for transaction cleanup, you use the XAResource. Setting this value causes sqljdbc. Distributed transactions are placed in the list of active transactions when they are started and removed from this list when they are prepared, rolled back, committed, or forgotten using the appropriate XAResource methods.

When a timeout value is set for transaction cleanup using the XAResource. Any active transactions that have a life span greater than the timeout value are rolled back. If an exception is generated when rolling back a transaction, the exception is written to the sqljdbc. Setting the transaction timeout value too low means running the risk of rolling back a transaction that otherwise would have completed successfully.

As a general guideline, set the timeout value to allow sufficient time for a transaction to complete under heavy traffic load. When you specify a transaction group ID, all distributed transactions initiated by the connection are identified by this ID. When using explicit transaction cleanup, distributed transactions associated with orphaned connections, and the locks held by those connections, will persist until the application explicitly invokes them.

As a general rule, applications should clean up orphaned connections at startup and when the application is notified that a connection to the server was lost.

When using these methods to update long data as Blobs or Clobs, the updates are made to the local copy of the data contained in the Blob or Clob object. Retrieving and updating long data using JDBC methods designed for Blobs and Clobs provides some of the same advantages as retrieving and updating Blobs and Clobs.

For example, using Blobs and Clobs:. Allows searching for patterns in the data, such as returning long data that begins with a specific character string. To provide these advantages of Blobs and Clobs, data must be cached.

Because data is cached, you will incur a performance penalty, particularly if the data is read once sequentially. This performance penalty can be severe if the size of the long data is larger than available memory. When the SQL Server driver detects an error in a statement or parameter set in a batch Insert or Update, it generates a BatchUpdateException and continues to execute the remaining statements or parameter sets in the batch. The array of update counts contained in the BatchUpdateException contain one entry for each statement or parameter set.

Any entries for statements or parameter sets that failed contain the value Statement. WHERE col1 operator? Parameter metadata can be returned for a Select statement if one of the following conditions is true:.

The statement contains a predicate value expression that can be targeted against the source tables in the associated FROM clause. In this case, the value expression "bar" can be targeted against the table "foo" to determine the appropriate metadata for the parameter. The statement contains a predicate value expression part that is a nested query. The nested query's metadata must describe a single column. The following Select statements show further examples for which parameter metadata can be returned:.

The SQL Server driver does not support returning parameter metadata for stored procedure arguments. If your application requires table name information, the SQL Server driver can return table name information in ResultSet metadata for Select statements. Otherwise, the getTableName method may return an empty string for each column in the result set. For each column in a result set that maps to a column in a table in the database, the SQL Server driver returns the table name associated with that column.

For columns in a result set that do not map to a column in a table for example, aggregates and literals , the SQL Server driver returns an empty string. The Select statements for which ResultSet metadata is returned may contain aliases, joins, and fully qualified names. The table name returned by the driver for generated columns is an empty string. The following query is an example of a Select statement that returns a result set that contains a generated column the column named "upper".

For example, for the following statement, the SQL Server driver returns "test" for the catalog name, "test1" for the schema name, and "foo" for the table name:.

The additional processing required to return table name, schema name, and catalog name information is only performed if the ResultSetMetaData. The SQL Server driver supports retrieving the values of auto-generated keys. An auto-generated key returned by the SQL Server driver is the value of an identity column. An application can return values of auto-generated keys when it executes an Insert statement. How you return those values depends on whether you are using an Insert statement that contains parameters:.

An application can retrieve values of auto-generated keys using the Statement. This method returns a ResultSet object with a column for each auto-generated key. This action ensures that the driver is compliant with the ANSI SQL standard, which makes developing cross-database applications easier.

For example, if the value of col1 in the following Select statement is null, the comparison evaluates to true:. In your application, you can restore the default Microsoft SQL Server behavior for a connection in the following ways:.

Choose a failover method by setting the FailoverMode connection property. Optionally, set the FailoverPreconnect property if you want the driver to establish a connection with the primary and an alternate server at the same time.

Connection information for primary and alternate servers can be specified using either one of the following methods:. Alternate servers are specified using the AlternateServers property.

Similarly, the same connection information for the primary and alternate servers specified using a JDBC data source would look like this:. In this example, connection information for the primary server is specified using the ServerName , PortNumber , and DatabaseName properties. Connection information for alternate servers is specified using the AlternateServers property.

The SQL Server driver also allows you to specify connections to named instances, multiple instances of a Microsoft SQL Server database running concurrently on the same server. If specifying named instances for the primary and alternate servers, the connection URL would look like this:. Similarly, the same connection information to named instances for the primary and alternate servers specified using a JDBC data source would look like this:.

To connect to a named instance using a data source, you specify the named instance on the primary server using the ServerName property. The IP address or server name is required for each alternate server entry. If connecting to named instances, the named instance is required for each alternate server entry.

The port number is optional for each alternate server entry. If unspecified, the port number specified for the primary server is used. If a port number is unspecified for the primary server, a default port number of is used.

This property is optional for each alternate server entry. The following SQL Drivers were developed and tested by Microsoft, but are not recommended to be used for new development. As such, it will not be supported after SQL Server Skip to content. Star 1. Permalink main. Branches Tags. Could not load branches. Could not load tags.